First compiled and distributed by teacher and researcher Michael Philip West in 1953 whilst working in India, the General Service List of essential words for English learners based on a longitudinal survey of frequency and semantics that would facilitate a basic understanding and at the same time, narrowing an educator’s focus.
Edified rather than rejected for its shortcomings and inadequacies and the basis for quantitative linguistics and Google N-gram Viewer for modelling a corpus, the list has only undergone two updates, once in 2013 and again in 2023. This exploration of the vocabulary changes from between the first edition and latest revision, seven decades, illustrates how in an anglophone environment it has become even harder to avoid exposure to abstractions whilst what is made, grown, worn and worked has been winnowed away as well as feelings and sensations, shifting from something manifest, embodied and experienced—ache, courage, loyalty, greed, mercy—replaced with clinical, disorder, therapy, treatment as something that is managed, rather than inhabited. It is not as if bargain suddenly became synonymous with budget and moonlight turned to solar, with pollution edging out harvest, but choices were made and some high-minded concepts are tossed out for more functional parlance to preserve the list’s some two-thousand head-word limit. Granted that concrete terms are naturally stickier and easily acquired, we still enjoy a lesson in how to buy a postage stamp or bus fare and are a little sad to live in a world that privileges platforms and institutions above what sustains and enriches us.
Tuesday, 28 July 2026
esl (13. 667)
Monday, 13 July 2026
i often wonder what the vintners buy—one half so precious as the goods they sell (13. 618)
To gain purchase on the sophistry of scammers, grifters and gurus and proffer the question on the greater fraud of our time—why isn’t the artificial intelligence industry in direct competition with their consumers—Cory Doctrow starts with the lasting imprint of the enigmatic verse from The Rubรกiyรกt of Omar Khamyyรกm, completing the couplet as translated by Edward FitzGerald:
And much as Wine has play’d the Infidel,
And robbed me of my Robe of Honour—well
to probe what the purveyors of the promise of wealth and success could possibly benefit from the exchange—be they winesellers or in his illustration booksellers, infidel or otherwise—with their wares already better than anything else money could buy.
In other words: if someone had discovered the secret to generating all the wealth, even if willing to share in the munificence, what would they need with another’s, unless the pyramid scheme was baked in from the beginning? Venture capitalists and AI evangelicals might cite their work in progress needs funding to achieve godhead but fails to to address the fundamental question for both buyer and seller. If there’s a better vintner, why not establish one’s own vineyard? If there’s a large language model that can educate better than human teachers, why license it to a school district instead of opening up an academy? Late-stage capitalism has shifted our willingness to question motives of gospellers in the estranging drive not make but abstract—the rentier economy made more meta by options eschewing work and exposure—rather than driving a taxi, buying stock investing in a ride-share concept or prospecting for land to build a data-centre on, being the very friction and middlemanning that AI strives to remove.
synchronoptica
one year ago: the return of the ground-effect vehicle (with synchronoptica), Live Aid (1985) plus assorted links to revisit
two years ago: claim-jumping in the Arctic, reproductive care in international waters, a local air show plus a failed assassination attempt on Donald Trump
three years ago: potential biomarkers on Mars plus the Hollywood sign (1923)
four years ago: a banger from Bryan Adams plus a summer research project on artificial intelligence (1956)
five years ago: Smรฅland plus Sweden’s Crystal Kingdom
six years ago: more links to enjoy plus 1970s HiFi equipment
Tuesday, 7 July 2026
9x9 (13. 600)
we don’t need anybody’s help but before i asked they said they wouldn’t be there: Trump airs classic grievances upon his arrival for the NATO summit in Ankara
artisanal work culture: beekeeping, baking and candlestick-making as rebellion and a shift to the approach of skilled trade
you don’t have to blog like me: just write
project 2029: the crusade against the annoyance economy
cheddaring: a cheese heist and other organised food crimes
confessions of a dachsund: these videos were a little less David Attenborough and a little more Baby Reindeer
rollerena: NYC’s queer fairy godmother
doomjobbing: an employment system trusted by no one
bel:usa: America out of the World Cup play-offs after excoriating defeat by Belgium
Friday, 19 June 2026
9x9 (13. 533)
biometrics: the after effects of gamification of physical activity—sometimes I want to launch my pedometer and everything else into the Sun
sovereign wealth fund: Bernie Sanders’ proposal to cede control and profits of AI to the American public
cinecope: an archive of rare and rarefied films—via Web Curios
battle of the bit: an authoritative archive of chiptune and MIDI renditions
otome: the rise of synthetic, choose-your-own-adventure romance
a privet matter: a farmer hacks down China’s lonely tree—see also here and here
chromacity: the colours on the spectrum that your screens cannot deliver—via MetaFilter
a show of hands: designing more finger-friendly haptics for our devices—plus dispelling old myths, via Waxy
dark flow: how your scrolling addiction was built off casino gambling
Wednesday, 13 May 2026
day seventy-four (13. 425)
Oil is expected to remain over a hundred dollars per barrel for the remainder of the year with derivatives including fertiliser remaining prohibitively expensive for farmers. Trump also reaffirmed he is considering resuming major combat operations over Tehran’s unwillingness to accept the terms of the US deal. Saudi Arabia and the UAE have been conducting covert, undeclared attacks on Iran, and Israel, keeping up its assault on Hezbollah elements in Lebanon, have reservations about the US negotiating position, worried that Trump will strike a bad deal with the Revolutionary Guard, as Pakistan’s role as intermediary faces criticism for strategic opportunism rather than being an honest broker in mediation by some.
one year ago: the Episcopal church breaks with the US government over immigration policy (with synchronopticรฆ) plus Qatar gifts Trump an airplane
Tuesday, 7 April 2026
7x7 (13.326)
a look at books: some new highlights from old library archives
putt, putt to the pizza hut: though Gorbachev’s circumstances were quite different, the empire-ending spokesmen only to be believed in hindsight
edinburgh of the seven seas: the very busy, remote settlement of Tristan da Cunha—see previously—via Nag on the Lake
master editor: the inevitable ubiquity of AI writing
koyaanisquatsi: a new visually stunning music video, Pattern Index, by Max Cooper—reminiscent of the subtitle
whitey’s on the moon: we want to be excited about the return trip around the lunar surface but are thinking a lot about that poem and sentiment from the late-1970s and how everything’s propaganda and grift layered on heavily to get to the science
unknown artist: a collection of Mid-Century Modern ephemera from Zara Picken—via Things magazine with much more to click through and enjoy
Friday, 27 March 2026
7x7 (13. 300)
reverse game theory: a novel approach to the housing crisis—via Damn Interesting
twen: the publications of art director Willy Fleckhaus
whoami.wiki: a scrapbook and photo album in the form of a personal Wikipedia built with the help of AI
i’d never lend my name to an inferior product: Trump’s signature to appear on hundred dollar bills, a first for a sitting US president
return of the king: Stephen Colbert co-authoring a Lord of the Rings movie, possibly featuring the character of Tom Bombadil
the red book of bath: a unique civil administration almanac—via Strange Company
laissez-faire: a modest proposal from John Maynard Keynes to solve unemploymentby burying money under landfills
Sunday, 15 March 2026
11x11 (13. 268)
epistemic cocoon: filters, bubbles, synthetic friends and the personal theatre of disinformation—via Web Curios
no yokes: a quarter of a century in market fluctuations
semantic drift: the etymological and entomological history of the word drone
belated blogoversary: Kottke turns twenty-eight
wet shelter: the house photographer of the aid mission in the crypt of St Botolph’s
le salaire de la peur: in a demonstration project to expand research partnerships with other laboratories, CERN attempts to transport a microscopic payload of antimatter for the first time—see previously
caged lorries: Singapore, despite pressure from businesses that rely on migrant labour, is moving towards banning the dehumanising way workers are transported to job sites
unbirthday: salutations and reflections from veteran blogger Diamond Geezer
รกfram meรฐ smjรถriรฐ: delightful Icelandic idioms—via friend of the blog Nag on the Lake
what’s that got to do with the price of tea in china: US egg cost down forty-two percent—hope it was all worth it
ai is african intelligence: the exploited workers who tutor and moderate chatbots fight back
Wednesday, 11 March 2026
any observed statistical regularity will tend to collapse once pressure is placed upon it for control purposes (13. 256)
Revisiting an classic episode, Planet Money repackages a clutch of workplace adages, observations and eponymous laws as potential indictments of office culture—with an inflammatory demotivational poster fit for framing in one’s breakroom, I could cite several poster children for each among my own coworkers and colleagues. Particularly relatable was Goodhart’s Law (see previously, see also), reformulated from the above as when a measure becomes a target, it ceases being a good metric, resonating with how we’re encouraged to cook the books to get fill-time down and play a numbers game that doesn’t reflect other extenuating factors though exceeds the standard—in other words, those who know the indicators will game them.
Also depressingly resonant was the Peter Principle, a management concept articulated from intended satire that individuals within a hierarchy tend to be promoted to “a level of respective incompetence,” that a worker’s talents are recognised and advanced through the ranks and find themselves eventually in over their heads with expectations and responsibilities outside of their skill-set, plateauing at usually conspicuous placement with a supervisory role. The phenomenon which Germans call “falling up the ladder” is also addressed in the source material by Canadian educator Laurence Peter and screenwriter Raymond Hull when the progression seemingly does not stop despite graduated ineptitude, this apparent exception is an example of “percussive sublimation” and a move from one unproductive role to another, with other instances of pseudo-promotion being the “lateral arabesque,” retaining an individual to buy their silence but moving them out of the spotlight with a longer job title.
Monday, 9 March 2026
growth-hacking paradigms (13. 247)
As a bit of a vindicating corollary to a previous post on business jargon, we are referred to via Slashdot, a longitudinal study by Cornell university cognitive psychologist Shane Littrell introducing their Corporate Bullshit Receptivity Scale (CBSR) as a gauge of susceptibility to empty rhetoric, corresponding with overall poor job performance and a deficit of practical decision-making skills.
Although BS can happen in any context, it can be especially fraught in the workplace where such lingo is an institutional protection, structurally built in, to cushion misdirection and feign accomp-lishment, and so for their experiment for insight into how such language is reenforced and paradoxically is a poor surrogate for job management skills, Littrell commissioned a LLM to generate corporate soundbites and had a large sample of workers to rate the business savvy of such phrases revealing quite a knowledge gap, enticed with what passes as transformative, inspired and visionary. More at the links above.
Friday, 6 March 2026
let’s take this offline (13. 239)
Though properly, despite its obscurity to outgroups of a given profession or industry and reputation as gatekeeping and kind of an insult to expert language, jargon is not the same as non-technical corporate lingo, we rather enjoyed this omnibus of laments and grievances of the register of vicious terminology that has seeped into common-parlance as reviled words and phrases. I think I am guilty during a meeting or in an email of using many of these—except for the most egregious in synergy and let’s circle back, most of them euphemistic in nature covering up a lack of actionable knowledge and blunting direction or a method for looking like a team-player and acknowledging, repackaging previous contributions. What do you think? Tell us your most odious malapropisms and mixed-metaphors.
easy money (13. 236)
Born on this day in 1926, Alan Greenspan served on the US Federal Reserve board of governors from 1987 to the 2006, under presidents Reagan, Bush, Clinton and Bush, the chairman reappointed after each four year term and advising on monetary policy.
Despite a subdued public demeanour, the press accorded the long serving economist celebrity status as a strong advocate for international trade, though he courted many critics who cite his low interest rates and increased cash supply for creating the dot-com bubble and the subprime mortgage crisis that lead to worldwide recession—occurring shortly after he left office—and blame Greenspan for encouraging George W Bush to reengage Iraq and depose Saddam Hussein for the sake of stability in the global oil supply. A fan and personal friend of objectivist philosopher Ayn Rand, Greenspan dated anchor woman Barbara Walters in the late 1970s and is married to journalist Andrea Mitchell (matrimonial ceremony officiated by Ruth Bader Ginsburg) and currently runs a financial consulting firm with several honorary posts with investment banks.
synchronoptica
one year ago: assorted links worth revisiting (with synchronopticรฆ) plus dismantling the US department of education
thirteen years ago: folk-neuroscience
fourteen years ago: slow news days
fifteen years ago: a trip to Fulda
sixteen years ago: the US census
Thursday, 26 February 2026
culcitology (13.214)
Vis-ร -vis the prior post, we thoroughly enjoyed this deep-dive from host Alie Ward that serendipitously was next in my feed on the history and craft of quilting—the study from the Latin for pillows and bedding featuring an expert panel discussing all aspects of textile art from familial traditions and pedagogy, therapeutic aspects, documentation, memorial, encoded messages, politics to protest. The overview of the ethnography of the ungated art and transition from a commercial, male dominated activity to domestic labour and women’s work (see also) and the social movements that grew out of quilting-bees and sewing-circles is particularly fascinating. There’s even a bonus bespoke pattern and a tutorial at the website up top.
Tuesday, 24 February 2026
habitual app loyalty (13. 207)
An ominous think-piece by a research group and consulting firm specialising in insights in “transformative megatrends” has rattled markets and businesses, lurching from anxiety over an AI bubble to foreboding over what they have wrought delivering mass redundancies across industries.
The Singularity feared is not a runaway super-intelligence or a rogue system fighting for self-preservation at all costs but rather autonomous agents that make for frictionless exchanges and circumvent the economic inefficiencies that businesses rely on. Like the disruption that came for publishers and legacy outlets with the democratisation of the internet, the new gatekeepers model is based on margins and middlemen with clearinghouses for payments and facilitating connecting consumers with services, ride-sharing, food deliveries, travel arrangements, but agentive AI could potentially bypass and disarticulate all those supply-chains and providers by arranging the logistics—in theory in this scenario—as a downward spiral in the fintech and gig sectors that has disastrous implications for the broader economy. More from the Guardian’s Aisha Down and Dan Milmo at the link up top.
Monday, 23 February 2026
cipheritis (13. 203)
An alleged mental disorder, reportedly diagnosed by German physicians, though with no clinical description and a paucity of case studies, zero stroke dysfunction was experienced by patients during the period of hyperinflation of the Weimar Republic (see previously here and here) with otherwise well-balanced individuals compelled to write out unending strings of zeros (see also here and here, also called ciphers after the Arabic root) as a coping mechanism for the rapid and exponential increasing of prices and depreciation of paper marks when the buying-power of one’s wages became essentially worthless by the end of one’s shift. Most common among those working in finance, accounting and sales, sufferers also had a tendency to retreat into complicated mental computations whose solutions were logarithmically fleeting.
synchronoptica
one year ago: a catalogue of historic dice and card games (with synchronopticรฆ) plus Germany votes
twelve years ago: more secession sessions, Kurt Vonnegut’s story shapes plus more on the mysterious Voynich manuscript
thirteen years ago: external threats, UK creditworthiness downgraded plus grammar and financial readiness
fourteen years ago: au revoir mademoiselle plus reforming the German welfare system
fifteen years ago: budget crunch in Wisconsin
sixteen years ago: church elections
seventeen years ago: ornate spam
Tuesday, 17 February 2026
9x9 (13. 188)
all lawful uses: Pentagon labels Anthropic AI a supply-chain risk for refusing to activate Skynet
digital humanities: platforms, ethnographically, can only deliver two out of the three trilemmas
skimo: newest Olympic sport combines uphill and downhill action
⻢: etymologies of the year of the Fire Horse—more here
rainbow push coalition: tributes for Jesse Jackson (RIP)
the great breath: Christian Waller’s theosophical fairy tales
sฦกng: author Ocean Vuong is suspiciously talented as a photographer as well
project cardinal: turnaround management, corporate restructuring codenames and other euphemisms
most energy storage solutions: inspired by DNA, a liquid forming molecular bonds can hold potential heat for months until it’s needed
synchronoptica
one year ago: protests against DOGE (with synchronopticรฆ) plus European emergency summit convened immediately following the Munich Security Conference
thirteen years ago: regional franchises plus more former enclaves and exclaves
fourteen years ago: the neocolonialism of finance
fifteen years ago: academic dishonesty in the German government
sixteen years ago: upcoming trips
Friday, 13 February 2026
spine-tingling (13. 171)
Our thanks to Boing Boing for the education in book finishers’ craft with gauffered edging, gilt indentations along the page and decorative elements (called pallets)—the French version of the Germanic root that gives us waffle and wafer (see also) and means to plait or crimp—to revisit this highly satisfying demonstration of expert rebinding and book tooling skills, lovingly restoring an old volume with a pristine jacket, titled, ornamented with inlays and onlays and complete with marbled endpapers.
rebinding old book into a treasure
by u/Maddiee7diary in SatisfyingAF
* * * * *
synchronoptica
one year ago: unilateral peace negotiations for Ukraine (with synchronopticรฆ), malicious compliance plus the return of Enron
thirteen years ago: the retirement of Pope Benedict, furnished quarters plus architectural embellishments
fourteen years ago: Nazis on the Moon
Monday, 2 February 2026
ada violation (13. 139)
Not impacting the US general public and only a cadre of government workers left on the payroll, the partial government shutdown which began on midnight Friday is being characterised by many agencies as a “soft-lapse” and absent guidance or flagrantly ignoring the Anti-Deficiency Act,
enacted by congress to prevent incurring obligations and or making commitments in excess of appropriated funds codified by congress during the reconstruction era following the US civil war to attempt to counter coercive over-budgeting encouraged by the executive branch to deplete fiscal expenditures prior to being replenished, this disdain—on Groundhog Day—of the regular ritual of furlough, exceptions and exemptions is yet (regardless if it lasted a weekend or weeks or tardy over time-zones) another sign that the Trump administration is shrugging of norms and statute. Guidance has not trickled down the hierarchy for many and are instructed to conduct business as usual until further notice, considering that many were written up for such transgressions during the last one, incurring more debt without backing and causing conflict in the casual chaos.
Wednesday, 14 January 2026
let’s circle back (13. 087)
NPR’s Word of the Week feature gives us the history and etymology of the rather repugnant corpospeak buzzword synergy, which although seemingly a recent construction of workplace jargon championing teamwork and the sanctity of being in the office, its roots go back to Greek books of the New Testament signifying cooperation in ฯฯ
ฮฝฮตฯฮณฮฏฮฑ (see also) amongst fellow workers striving towards a common goal.
Though not exactly common parlance, it came into use during religious debates regarding salvation during the Reformation and Counter-Reformation as a compromise and reconciliation of relationship to the Church and congregants—at least for some—and then again as a counterpoint to co-morbidity in the medical sense of treatments equalling more than the sum of their parts, as opposed to making one part of the body healthy at the expense of others. By the mid-twentieth century, popularised in part by the writings of Buckminster Fuller, though with a specific meaning of “binding energies” and didn’t denote the familiar, reviled vagaries of the conference room until corporate America entered the conversation.
Saturday, 3 January 2026
the technate of north america (13. 054)
Given the recent invasion by the United States on the southern limit of this hypothetical map of a continental federation, a sphere of influence, self-sufficient and only requiring minimum trade with outsiders, aligned with the recently published Trump Corollary, the technocracy movement, founded chiefly by engineer Howard Scott after World War I, flourishing in the minds of many as a genuine alternative political ideology, more popular than fascism or communism, up through the Great Depression and the entry of the US in World War II—though suffering many internecine breakups and dogmatists at odds in the steering committees of the various groups and factions under this umbrella, just like Scott’s own falling out with the unionists and the IWW that first fostered his ideas, has again been garnering attention.
Understandably with propagandised charts showing US influence stretching from Greenland to the north, through Panama all the way down to Venezuela, people are worried that Trump may make good on his threats of annexation by force, but Technocracy Incorporated, administered by besuited technocrats with legions of working-class followers, including one chiropractor (a suspect pseudo-science itself) from Regina, Joshua Norman Haldeman, the maternal grandfather of Elon Musk (members were required to adopt numbers in place of names, which may have inspired great-grandson Xร A-12 as well as other notions of Musk’s), was not premised on utopian technology that would make labour superfluous and end scarcity but rather its opposite, suggesting that progress would never outpace population-growth and that the monetary system needed reform—proposing an energy theory of value to replace the price based systems of economy, privileging exchange and property and believed to perpetuate market inefficiencies. Energy input and output would replace fiat currency as a metric of labour and worth, non-fungible rationed allotments distributed to regulate the flow of energy that could not be bartered outside the system—tied to an individual’s productive credit account—and having an expiration date to discourage hoarding and accumulation of capital, as a form of technological feudalism.






