dantooine is too remote to make an effective demonstration

Conservationists and connoisseurs of Brutalist architecture have found allies in Star Wars fandom—whether or not the iconic outline of the Hôtel du Lac of Tunis directly informed the sandcrawler of the Jawas on Tatooine (some sources disagree, saying that Ralph McQuarrie had come up with the mobile fortress well before location scouting) to help preserve the historic structure from perhaps imminent destruction. Scenes of the first instalment of the saga were in any case filmed in the deserts of Tunisia, the name and ancillary building style of the moisture farm after the governorate of Tatouine, Tiṭṭawin, ⵜⵉⵟⵟⴰⵡⵉⵏ. The presently abandoned (closed to guests since the early 2000s) and in a severe state of disrepair structure was built in the early 1970s and designed by Italian architect and painter Raffaele Contigiani (*1920 – †2008) as an inverted ziggurat and those room windows have their blinds strategically drawn to spell out Non à la demolition (لا للهدم) in Arabic.

mos eisley or in popular culture

While there are far more serious and bedeviled threats to cultural heritage in the region with the purging of ancient Persian and Assyrian archaeological sites by ISIL and civil wars, and none need convincing of how the world will be the poorer for their loss for the undiscovered, under-appreciated and the suffering of the people under this marauding terror, maybe there is trivially a new hope in a dedicated, cult fan-base.

There’s already mounting awareness and concern over the set of the Skywalker Ranch in Tunisia, the moisture farm being threatened by increased desertification and local conflicts—and next in the cross-hairs of the Caliphate are the ruins of Hatra. This temple, under threat of the bulldozer and wrecking-ball was the backdrop of the opening scenes of the 1976 British film The Omen, with Ambassador Gregory Peck unwittingly adopting Damien, the Anti-Christ. UNESCO has already significantly levied accusations of crimes against humanity for this wanton destruction, but maybe the sentimentality of cinema-buffs (Petra/the resting place of the Holy Grail, Palmyra, Krak des Chevaliers, Hama, Apamea, Homs) can lend some volume to the outcry.

it happened on the way to the fourm: römerkastell saalburg

Though from the perspective where we last left our Romans—growing somewhat more jaded and less idealistic buffeted by power and wealth from all sides—we are jumping ahead, as it would be another two centuries before, but it was interesting to take a detour through the foothills of the Taunus and visit this restored Roman garrison on the Limes after having indulged a series of history lessons. Rome had just had their first encounter with a tribe of the Teutons on the frontier of the Rhôn river during the latter years of the Republic but it would be some time still before they had constructed a fortified border to hold the barbarians at bay. Before launching campaigns in Tunisia, Greece and Turkey (and these lands called Germania seem even more distant), it really strikes me how those consequential but small and nearly petty skirmishes with other Latin tribes were in such close proximity—that Rome was no regional power but a local stronghold like a dozen others, which may have never merited more than a footnote of history.

After victories abroad when Rome was denying social unrest the attention it demanded, a civil war erupted over the stinting of full citizenship for the neighbouring tribes that had been aligned with Rome since its inceptions. Although they fought side-by-side, the Latins were still essentially foreigners and had no means to influence the Senate and policy. Opposition in the Senate feared that rebellious factions could pose a threat to their power with a new constituency of supporters—though the truth was that the Latins were not keen on any Roman politician but wanted their own representation.
Before people from places up and down the peninsula were granted citizenship, there was an awkward civil war—called the Social War, where the Latins formed their own government, based off the Roman model, and begrudging Rome the assistance it needed and called themselves the Italic Republic. Archeologists discovered the ruins and artefacts in this spot, just outside of Frankfurt, in the mid-1800s and under the commission of Emperor Wilhelm II rebuilt the installation from 1900 to 1914 to educate the public to this known yet undiscovered heritage of this area. I was impressed with the stalls and rustic kitchens, which really were rustic kitchens, in the modern sense—with the archeological finds to back it up.

unmoved mover

In response to Ankara's violent usurping the protesters' of their venue in Istanbul have taken a passive stance. The so-called “Standing Man” has inspired hundreds of others to keep a silent vigil, not willing to be kettled and moving for hours and refusing to budge, despite authorities waxing wise to the statement. Like the riots in Tunisia over the desperation of and empathy for a fruit-seller's dwindling prospects that went on to ignite the revolutions of the Arab Spring, the situation in Turkey is evolving, growing from a protest on environmental grounds to an expression of grave dissatisfaction with the drift of the current regime.

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The situation in North Africa and the Mid-East is still explosive, and despite progress won there is a distinct and present risk of recidivist tyrannies and back-sliding into chaos. Some protesters’ honeymoons have lost their sheen as police are doing their job of civil policing and concessions, sometimes meaningful, betimes empty, are being offered by leaders of a whole range of vested and divested authority.

People have been inspired towards revolution, though no oppression is exercised in quite the same way—Libya is a very different place than Egypt or Tunisia or Algeria or Jordan or Iran or Iraq or Yemen or Saudi Arabia—and though steady-state strife, disenfranchisement or even civil war is influenced by macroeconomic factors and policy-decisions that have left a younger population disaffected and without many opportunities for a commensurate career, aside from daily staples and small freedoms. Many observers seemed spooked by talk of civil war and the subsequent disruption to oil supplies and overall destabilization that would make it more difficult for carpetbagger corporations to operate there.

I hope that outsiders are not just wishing this away, support tepid at best, to keep cheap oil pumping and promote continued expansion opportunities to export Western luxuries and fast food franchises and to ensure that the standard of living stays low and not too much of the treasure and resources are retained and used in these places. Just like it is billed as a rarity to witness a revolt that was not under the ægis of the forces that spread freedom and democracy in the world, it is likewise billed as unusual to see a civil war starting, as most assume such regional conflicts have always been, some warring tribes in lands with borders jimmied out arbitrarily when the colonial powers moved on to pure mercantilism—and what of that blood and treasure in a decade not so well invested in Iraq as protests begin in Baghdad. Years of war and occupation have left the people with precious little left to loose, and makes the chance ripe to regain and reclaim what was once theirs without meddling, direct or tangential.