lend-lease oder prime-directive

Not to be confused with the Emminger Reforms, an arguably kindred precedent that essentially did away with trial-by-jury for the German justice system, the Emminger Letter (PDF from the investigative memory of the Official Monetary and Financial Institutions Forum) covertly drafted by the then president of the German Bundesbank, Otmar Emminger, to Helmut Schmidt, Chancellor of West Germany, in 1978.

The German banks made the willful decision to breach their rebuilding, reparations agreement to support weaker economies through exchange rate settings (before the common currency), fearful that manipulation would damage the home market through inflation. Haunting and lingering, the resistance was brought to unofficial policy back then over Cyprus, as today, and has been invoked several times during the intervening decades over France and Italy. The truth will out, I suppose. Do you think there are some secret intrigues going on in the European banking community?

odd bird or let’s fake a deal

The peripatetic seekers at the Big Think share an engrossing essay suggesting that demographically American subjects were the worst choices for the whole quiver of standard psychological experiments, and many of the techniques developed and conclusions drawn from this battery of tests are highly idiosyncratic and do not translate well into other cultures.

Everything from the classic Ultimatum Game, also with a variant known as the Monty Hall Game from Let’s Make a Deal, to reflex perceptions could be slanted to American tastes, perhaps roving and proprietary. Acknowledging and respect difference across societies, like hierarchy versus democracy or individualism versus collectivism is of course nothing astonishing and the meters honed and tweaked over generations are not without merit or insight, but it does seem strange to consider that the gauges themselves might be flawed, focusing the lens of study on a narrow and unrepresentative population. Western societies embrace a whole spectrum of strange and wonderful distinctions and albeit that contrast is strongest among exotic cultures, equally strange and wonderful—on the surface, at least, and subtle but appreciable differences in backgrounds and values only magnify with time and patience—and I don’t know that the US is so singularly weird (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich and Democratic, an acronym that the author uses) or if other groups are not so dissimilar, as well, and would prefer America remain the jumbled, jangled standard-bearer of normalcy, rather than own up to their own peculiarities.

ice-nine

Patterned off of Norwegian ventures, a German research partnership is embarking on a sea voyage in Asia to seek out a substance called methane clathrate (DE), a natural gas hydrate buried, frozen by extreme pressure, under the ocean floors, cleft to the cliffs of continental shelves. Moving away from nuclear energy resources and dependence on traditional petroleum sources, interest is growing in these newly discovered reservoirs, once thought to only exist on comets, the Moon and such, but spectacularly complicated efforts to staunch the leak during the Deep Water Horizon catastrophe. These deposits, however, represent a huge carbon-sink, exceeding the storage capacity of forests and coral reefs, and perhaps we do not have the skill to neatly exploit these sequestered reserves without causing more run-away effects.

local coverage or droste effect

I watch re-broadcasts of the various state news programmes in the mornings as I get ready for work, and sometimes regret that I missed some local happening from the day before so I’ll have to work on that—finding out when these shows first air. There’s a revue of reporting from each region, distinguished by a state map, generally, and I think I might be getting a little better at recognizing the Saarland or Baden-Württemberg in a line up and outside of the context of a map of all of Germany. I noticed the other day, that although the correspondence is not exact, most Länder do mirror the larger country in a miniature sense—especially Bavaria and Brandenburg-Berlin. It cannot be intentional, like neighbourhoods streets grouped by trees, composers and sister-cities, and maybe it’s just an illusion of wanting to categorize these chunks of land. It would be an interesting bit of planning, however, if sub-units did reflect the structure of their larger constituency, a quarter, district cut as a smaller, nested map of its greater surroundings.

iconostasis

Over the weekend, we had a chance to see the interior of the Memorial Church of Saint Alexy of Moscow that Kaiser Wilhelm II commissioned to honour some twenty-two thousand Russian soldiers who perished fighting Napoleon’s armies during the decisive “Battle of the Nations,” that stopped the French advance. The living monument, center of the Russian orthodox community of Leipzig, was dedicated in 1913, a century after the fighting ended, and the exterior is undergoing reconstruction—along with the Volkerschlacht Denkmal, in recognition of this year’s anniversary.
The inside of the church, which is duplicated on an upper and lower storey, symbolic of Heaven and Hell, has an impressive array of icons covering the back wall (an iconostasis) and donated fixtures, including one faithful reproduction of the Hodegetria (the iconic canting of “she [the Virgin Mary] showing the way”) of the Mother of God of Smolensk, that tradition holds was painted by Saint Luke and made its way from Constantinople to Russia via a very circuitous route.
According to different sources, the revered icon was destroyed either during the Russian Revolution that followed just a few years later or during the German occupation in 1941. The relic, however, could have been hidden for safe-keeping as its own copy, like some of the other treasures originally plundered from Byzantium.