I’d be happy to attribute my dithering German abilities to shyness and laziness rather than some physical and developmental limitations, and I am finding that when trying to delve deeper than the gist of a article or a conversation, being able to more than follow but to repeat, report and better participate, I get very muddled with the prefixes—those inseparable parts of words (er-, ver-, ent-, ab- and so on) that are more transformative, nuanced than their English counterparts. When I come across a new word (usually in writing and usually something that that I’d just elide over when heard) I try some techniques, memory-hacks, to make the meaning stickier. Ent- as a part of speech can be especially tricky to puzzle out sometimes, for example, but usually connotes to me a casting out or taking off or a loss. The similarly-sounding Ente is a canard, a more concrete concept, and encountering an unfamiliar word, I try to imagine a deprived duck doing whatever root-word Ent- is modifying. It can be jarring to hear and drive some people crazy when things are too mixed, but I also am finding that intentional Code-Switching (Kodewechsel) is also helpful—specifically when all hope seems lost trying to remember a word encountered constantly that still needs to be looked up. It’s rather heavy-handed and nonsensical, but one can plop down a stubborn word into a familiar jingle or marketing phrase and then never forget it again: like “Alive with Vergnügen” or “Sippe of the Cave Bear” or “the committee for Truth and Versöhnung.” Eventually, I think it does stay without the need of employing such silly tricks.