Saturday 26 January 2013

rebus

The borough of old London town have some quite fanciful street names, with some equally fanciful but probably incorrect folk-etymologies.

The thoroughfare and surrounding neighbourhood of Elephant and Castle, named for the tavern, and the public house Goats and Compasses seem more sensible one is told they are respectively corruptions of the exotic sounding “Infanta de Castile” (presumably in honour of the wife of King Edward I, Eleanor of Castile) and a mishearing of “God encompass us.” The accounts are tantalizing, in fact, except that an infanta is a princess not in the line of succession, which Eleanor was not (the notion and controversy of Spanish princesses would not become a topic of the English public until the fiancรฉe of Charles I, some three centuries on), and pubs generally were not named after such lofty invocations. There are numerous cases of place-names being transformed to make sense in the vernacular, especially on the Roman side of the Limes (the furthest reaches of the empire into the territory of Germanica) like the city of Koblenz, from the Latin for confluence (die ZusammenfluรŸ), positioned where the Rhine and Moselle rivers come together or Mainz, original named for the fort Mogontiacum, in deference to (or perhaps disdain for) a Gaulish god.
Schweinfurt, whose deep harbour presents an impossible challenge for swine to ford the Main river but rather came from an old Gothic designation Suinuurde, meaning the exact opposite, something akin to quicksand. The names of the British guesthouses likely naming is direct and intentional, relating to symbols adopted by venerable guilds that set up shop in these areas. It was more interesting to be disabused and learn that the Worshipful Company of Cutlers used as their logo an elephant (carrying a howdah on its back, a fancy carriage for the raj of India, named for its resemblance to the chess piece) for its ivory tusks, used for fashioning knife handles. Goats and compasses probably should be taken literally and could refer to a variety of trades, from people who actually cobbled shoes from goat skin to the enclave of Rheinish barrel-makers (coopers), whose craft was hallmarked by mathematical precision (a drafting compass) and a chevron (^) that stands for a fret, frieze or frontier for crossing obstacles reliably, much like a sure-footed goat, which has the same Latinate root.